electronic component is called a device that is part of an electronic circuit. Usually encapsulated, usually in a ceramic, metal or plastic, and finish in two or more terminals or metal pins. They are designed to be connected together, usually by welding, to a printed circuit to form the said circuit.
must differentiate between components and elements. The components are physical devices, while the elements are idealized models or abstractions which constitute the basis for the theoretical study of the aforementioned components. Thus, the components appear in a list of devices that form a circuit, while the elements appear in the mathematical developments of the theory of circuits.
According to the criteria you choose we get different classifications. Then details the most commonly accepted.
1. According to its physical structure
Discretes: those that are encapsulated one by one, such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, etc. Integrated
: sets are more complex, as for example an operational amplifier or a logic gate, which may contain from a few discrete components to millions. These are called integrated circuits.
2. According to the material production base.
Semiconductors (see list).
not semiconductors.
3. According to their performance.
Assets: provide electrical excitation, gain or control.
Liabilities: are responsible for the connection between different active components, ensuring the transmission of electrical signals or altering their level (see list).
4. Depending on the type energy. Electromagnetic
: those that exploit the electromagnetic properties of materials (mainly transformers and inductors).
Electroacustic: transform sound into electrical energy and vice versa (microphones, loudspeakers, speakers, headphones, etc.). Optoelectronic
: convert light energy into electricity and vice versa (LED diodes, photocells, etc.).
Semiconductor Components
Also known as solid state components, are in the "star" in almost all electronic circuits. Obtained from semiconductor materials, especially silicon for certain applications but is still used germanium.
Active Components
The active components are those that are capable of exciting the circuit or to make profits or control. Are essentially electric generators and certain semiconductor components. The latter generally have a nonlinear behavior, ie the relationship between the applied voltage and current defendant is not linear.
semiconductor active components derived from the Fleming diode and triode by Lee de Forest. In the first generation appeared valves that allowed the development of electronic devices such as radio or television. Later, in a second-generation semiconductors appear later gave way to integrated circuits (third generation) whose highest expression is found in programmable circuits (microprocessor and microcontroller) can be considered as components, but in reality are integrated circuits with millions of components.
There is now a large number of active components, being usual, that an electronic system is designed from one or more active components whose characteristics are affected. Not so with passive components. The following table shows the main active components along with their most common function within a circuit.
Passive Components
are those that do not require a power source for operation. They have the ability to control the current in a circuit.
passive components are divided into:
Linear Passive Components
optoelectronic components
industry is fundamental components for the electronics industry which in turn is for other industries. The significant volume of business of this type industry in most developed countries makes them play an important role in their economies. The following table shows a list of the leading manufacturers of electronic components. Most are multinational in the electronics manufacturing represents only a part of field performance.
CRF
Lenny Z. Perez M
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