In some previous articles I wrote about PWM modulation. This is used between other things to control the speed of DC motors (DC) and adjust the brightness on the LEDs.
Arduino (Decimilia and derivatives) uses Atmel ATMEGA168 microcontroller, this Microcontroller has 6 PWM outputs (pins 3,5,6,9,10 and 11). AnalogWrite function (pin, value) to control each of the PWM outputs. The frequency of the PWM is fixed 490Hz control and what that function is the activity cycle of the PWM .
A value value = 0v produce a printout 0v, while a value value = 255 produce a constant 5v output. Values \u200b\u200bproduce intermediate values \u200b\u200b media output voltage proportional Vmediosalida = (value/255) * 5V.
For example, to control an LED, a frequency of 100Hz reaches for the human vision system does not perceive the flicker of the same, so the 490Hz using Arduino are more than sufficient.
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